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TM
South Dakota
By John Graham
There was no map for
sale in any Colorado or Wyoming gas station at which we called.
There were maps
from Kansas to Idaho, from Colorado to Montana, but none of South Dakota. Even
the map of the Western States ended in Wyoming and the Central States were
missing.
When we reached what
should have been the border of South Dakota, just past Lusk, Wyoming, despite a
change in road surface there was no sign for South Dakota. It was as if the
state had taken the day off or had been cancelled for the weekend. We even
considered at one point that it might have been annexed by Nebraska.
Still the scenery
made up for the lack of a definite state as we drove north towards Custer. It is
lovely green rolling countryside with excellent roads that made up for the
slight concern that we might be reaching North Dakota if the South had gone for
the day.
However, Custer did
exist and so did Custer Mansion although the Yahoo maps placed it a few miles
away on the wrong road. It is a historic building and the largest in town so
there is really no missing it. In times past it has been used as a private
residence and as a church. It has two sets of stairs and so it is very private.
Custer Mansion is now a Bed and Breakfast establishment run by Patricia and
Robert Meakim, hosts par excellence. We arrived a little early but no
matter. We were welcomed and sat down for a refreshing drink and a chat. We
found that our hosts, qualified in electricity and nursing, were also qualified
in being humorous and very likeable friends. The facilities are excellent and if
I had one grumble it is that breakfasts were a bit too large. They were also
delicious so nothing could be left.
Custer is small,
with less than 1900 population. Being very close to the Crazy Horse monument (4
miles), it specializes in tourist eating and sleeping establishments but it
lacks the brashness and Disney-world atmosphere of Keystone, the town closest to
Mount Rushmore. It also is home of the Purple Pie … a small restaurant
specializing in rhubarb pie and ice cream. Mmmmh!
Mount Rushmore was
our target. I had visited 30 years before when the facilities were the artist’s
studio and a trail through the woods … now it was my wife’s turn to be awed. We
were both in for a few surprises.
I had imagined that
the carving of four Presidents was the product of a dedicated and lonely man who
made it his whole life’s work and left his son, Lincoln, to follow in his
footsteps. I was wrong.
My wife had imagined
that it was so large as to be inspirational. It was not. In fact my wife’s first
words were. “I thought it was bigger.”
We learnt several
things:
-
The carving of
the four heads was not by a man who dedicated his simple life to carving a
mountain. A lawyer, Doan Robinson, serving as Secretary of South Dakotan
Tourism, conceived in 1924 a carved mountain as a tourist draw for his
state. Original ideas for the monument included an Indian or a Lewis and
Clark memorial then he sought a contract sculptor.
-
Guston Borglum
was not the first choice as sculptor although he had good qualifications,
being a pupil of Rodin. The eventual design was in the spirit his
Confederate Monument at Stone Mountain, Georgia. Borglum conceived and
constructed the scale model images for Mount Rushmore, and then supervised
the work. However, 400 laborers did all the rock carving -- while Borglum
fought with the budget manager over costs.
-
The US
government has, in the last decade, constructed an enormous multi-level
parking lot, auditoriums, bookshops, a restaurant, and an entry worthy of
the Taj Mahal -- all extolling America, Americanism and the fifty States.
The jingoistic additions have reduced the carving of the four heads in size
by comparison and diminished the site in value by making it just another
Washington monument.
-
The US
government has evaded the use of US National Park or Golden Age Passes by
charging only a parking access fee of $8.00
We came away feeling
that the whole thing -- an advertising gimmick in the first place -- was a sham,
and that by making the memorial a symbol of “American values” the government has
lessened its importance as a mere political symbol.
Nevertheless, the
carving is technically intriguing.
An eye consists of a
white, an iris, and a reflective highlight. The carved highlight is a
horizontal pedestal of rock in a hollow, which is seen as the iris. The eye is
the size of a man as can be seen by these pictures of Abe Lincoln’s eye being
carved and the eye as it is today.

There are other
equally interesting facets in the carving such as Roosevelt’s spectacles and
Lincoln’s half finished hand. Stay focused on the rock.
After Rushmore, a
visit to the Badlands, an expanse of almost impenetrable rock formations and
spires, seemed appropriate. Unfortunately, this like South Dakota itself had
disappeared. A three-hour drive along routes 40 and 2, most of which were “under
repair” as seas of deep gravel, eventually destroyed our ambition of finding the
southern visitors’ center. The lack of road signs and numbers fitted a state
that had disappeared for the day.
Fortunately the scenery along the way was
worth the drive. If you really want to see the Badlands you can drive out on the
super-highway from Rapid City and make a loop through the park.
We had kept the
morning of the following day, our last of the weekend, to see the Crazy Horse
monument. However, we found that what was left of South Dakota had been covered
in a low cloud so dense that we couldn’t even see the mountain base let along
the carved statue of an Indian. That was unfortunate because this statue is more
imposing that Mount Rushmore because the government has not “improved” it.
We could not stop
for the annual “Run to the Arm,” which allows locals to participate in the Crazy
Horse monument, but given the chance I would return to see the park one day
without the cloud.
Thus thwarted we
headed back south through Nebraska to Colorado in heavy rain all the way.
We still don’t
believe that South Dakota really exists. From what little we saw it has been
turned into a appendix to Washington, DC.
Nevertheless if you
have to investigate, we recommend staying with Pat and Bob Meakim at the Custer
Mansion. They at least are real.
Custer Mansion
www.custermansionbb.com
Mount Rushmore
www.nps.gov/moru/
Crazy Horse
monuments
www.crazyhorse.org
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